Evaporators types and design in the evaporation process, concentration of a product is accomplished by boiling. Condensers and evaporators are heat exchangers with fairly uniform wall temperature employed in a wide range of. Heat transfer in refrigerator condensers and evaporators. Design of a low capacity evaporator of a refrigeration. In our sugar industry the solvent is juice, heat is supplied by condensing steam, and the heat is transferred by indirect heat transfer across metallic surfaces. Cooling towers and condenser water systems design and. The condenser and evaporator are modeled as counterflow heat exchangers, neglecting. In contrast to surface condensers where the coolant does not contact either the vapors or the condensate, contact condensers cool the vapor stream by spraying either a liquid at ambient. It is a heat rejection component in the refrigeration cycle. This new type of costeffective rising film evaporator rapidly became a success in the beet sugar industry and has subsequently spread to many other applications. Heat transfer in refrigerator condensers and evaporators d. Condensers and evaporators are basically heat exchangers in which the refrigerant undergoes a phase change. Evaporation is an operation used to remove a liquid from a solution, suspension, or emulsion by boiling off some of the liquid. Thermodynamic design of condensers and evaporators.
Evaporator design consists of three principal elements. We define the evaporation process as one that starts with a liquid. The proper design of the liquid distribution system is critical to achieve full and even product wetting of the tubes. Larger length to diameter ratio evaporator design is possible as compared to vertical tubes that help to enhance wettability and minimize the chances of dryouts and.
Designing evaporators and condensers for refrigerant mixtures with. Condenser in refrigeration system is to desuper heat and condense the compressor discharge vapour and frequently to sub cool the resultant liquid while introducing the minimum pressure drop. Design and development of a low pressure evaporatorcondenser unit. Water is used as a heat source in the evaporator and as a coolant in the condenser unit. It is thus a thermal separation, or thermal concentration, process. Design and operation 2005 2018 trane a business of ingersoll rand. In either design, the condensed vapor forms a film on the cooled surface and drains away to a collection tank for storage, reuse, or disposal. Hermes center for applied thermodynamics, department of mechanical engineering, federal university of parana p. To condenser or vacuum feed product out figure 2 to condenser or vacuum feed condensate steam product out. Pdf the first applications for plate heat exchangers were for milk pasteurisation and afterward for heat recovery in several industrial.
As the refrigerant passes through the condenser, its temperature decreases steadily because of the temperature glide. Major factors affecting heat transfer between the refrigerant and air in a plate finnedtube heat exchanger, otherwise known as an evaporator or condenser coil. By muhammad wakil shahzad, muhammad burhan and kim choon. Refrigerant gas is compressed in the compressor, condensed into a liquid in the condenser, expanded back into a gas at the evaporator, and returned tothe compressor where the cycle begins again. In the condenser, the decreasing temperature difference calls for larger heat exchanger surfaces, while evaporator designs can appa rently be smaller because. Condenser is to transfer heat that has been absorbed by the system to air or water. Design of industrial falling film evaporators intechopen. And large temperature glides have a greater influence than small ones. Performance optimization of the evaporative condenser design. Pdf design method for plate evaporators and condensers. Thermodynamic design of condensers and evaporators core. In this manual, we will explore the principles of piping evaporative condensers, beginning with single condensers and exploring multiple condenser installations as well as.